The founders of QUALCOMM realized that CDMA technology could be used in commercial cellular communications to make even better use of the radio spectrum than other technologies. They developed the key advances that made CDMA suitable for cellular, then demonstrated a working prototype and began to license the technology to telecom equipment manufacturers.
The first CDMA networks were commercially launched in 1995, and provided roughly 10 times more capacity than analog networks - far more than TDMA or GSM. Since then, CDMA has become the fastest-growing of all wireless technologies, with over 100 million subscribers worldwide. In addition to supporting more traffic, CDMA brings many other benefits to carriers and consumers, including better voice quality, broader coverage and stronger security
Code Division Multiple Access. A digital technology pioneered by QUALCOMM that provides crystal clear voice quality in an exciting new generation of wireless communications products and services. Using digital encoding "spread spectrum" radio frequency (RF) techniques, CDMA provides much better and cost effective voice quality, privacy, system capacity, and flexibility than other wireless technologies, along with enhanced services such as short messaging, e-mail and Internet access
cdmaOne is a universal term for IS-95 based CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) specifications established by the CDMA Development group (CDG).
CDMA uses spread spectrum technology to break up speech into small, digitized segments and encode them to identify each call. A large number of users can thus share the same band of spectrum and greatly increase system capacity. In other words, CDMA allows wireless service providers to squeeze more digital signals into a particular slice of the radio network
network A few of the benefits of CDMA are wireline/clearer voice quality, better reception with less background noise, fewer dropped calls, enhanced security and greater reliability. Also, CDMA allows for more users to be on the system at once -- greater network capacity, resulting in fewer blocked calls for the users of a CDMA
. The transmissions of CDMA are encoded digitally. Conversations are broken up and each segment of conversation is assigned a code. On the receiving end, the conversation is reconstructed using the code
CDMA2000 1X
A 3G technology which provides voice and data capabilities within a standard 1.25 MHz CDMA channel for outstanding spectral efficiency and flexibility. CDMA2000 builds on earlier CDMA technology (known as cdmaOne) to provide a simple, seamless evolution to third-generation services. It doubles the voice capacity of cdmaOne systems and also supports high-speed data services.
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
An evolution of CDMA2000, this "data optimized" version is also an approved 3G standard. 1xEV-DO provides peak data rates of up 2.4 Mbps in a standard 1.25 MHz CDMA channel for fixed, portable and mobile applications
WCDMA (also known in Europe as UMTS)
Wideband CDMA is an approved 3G standard which utilizes one 5 MHz channel for both voice and data, offering data speeds up to 2 Mbps..
Selecting a 3G Standard
Just as the second generation of wireless technology improved upon earlier systems, the industry looked to a third generation of technology for more advances. Although wireless was used almost exclusively for voice communication, the ability to deliver data over the air was also very promising, especially as Internet users and content proliferated.
In 1999, the International Telecommunication Union adopted an industry standard for third-generation (3G) wireless systems that can deliver high-speed data and other new features. The 3G standard includes three operating modes based on CDMA technology, and over 50 leading manufacturers have already licensed 3G CDMA from QUALCOMM.
First to 3G with CDMA2000
Because CDMA2000 is evolved directly from the previous generation of proven CDMA systems, it provides the fastest, easiest, most cost-effective path to 3G services. While all 3G technologies (CDMA2000, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA) may be viable, CDMA2000 is much further ahead in terms of product development, commercial deployment and market acceptance.
The first commercial CDMA2000 networks were launched in South Korea in early 2001, and are already providing service to over one million paying subscribers (as of September 2001), with much larger numbers expected in late 2001 and 2002. A large and growing range of CDMA2000 chipsets, handsets and network infrastructure systems are now in volume production and gaining economies of scale, as many more North American, Latin American and Japanese carriers plan to roll out CDMA2000 services in 2002.
CDMA2000 builds on an installed base of over 100 million cdmaOne™ users, leveraging previous investments and industry-wide expertise in developing cdmaOne handsets. Other 3G technologies, which are radically different from previous generations, may involve very costly and complex components, new network designs and long test and deployment periods. QUALCOMM believes the proven performance and cost-effectiveness of CDMA2000 make it the best choice for 3G wireless systems. At the same time, the Company is supporting the industry with other solutions for WCDMA and multi-mode systems that will bridge the gaps between various 2G, 2.5G and 3G networks.
CDMA2000 1X for Voice and Data
CDMA2000 1X technology supports both voice and data services over a standard (1X) CDMA channel, and provides many performance advantages over other technologies. First, it provides up to twice the capacity of earlier CDMA systems (with even bigger gains over TDMA and GSM), helping to accommodate the continuing growth of voice services as well as new wireless Internet services. Second, it provides peak data rates of up to 153 kbps (and up to 307 kbps in the future), without sacrificing voice capacity for data capabilities.
CDMA2000 1X phones also feature longer standby times. And because it's backwards-compatible with earlier CDMA technology, CDMA2000 1X provides an easy and affordable upgrade path for both carriers and consumers.
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO for Faster Data
For those who want higher-speed or higher capacity data services, a data-optimized version of CDMA2000 called 1xEV-DO provides peak rates of over 2 Mbps, with an average throughput of over 700 kbps - comparable to wireline DSL services and fast enough to support even demanding applications such as streaming video and large file downloads. CDMA2000 1xEV-DO also delivers data for the lowest cost per megabyte, an increasingly important factor as wireless Internet.
The first CDMA networks were commercially launched in 1995, and provided roughly 10 times more capacity than analog networks - far more than TDMA or GSM. Since then, CDMA has become the fastest-growing of all wireless technologies, with over 100 million subscribers worldwide. In addition to supporting more traffic, CDMA brings many other benefits to carriers and consumers, including better voice quality, broader coverage and stronger security
Code Division Multiple Access. A digital technology pioneered by QUALCOMM that provides crystal clear voice quality in an exciting new generation of wireless communications products and services. Using digital encoding "spread spectrum" radio frequency (RF) techniques, CDMA provides much better and cost effective voice quality, privacy, system capacity, and flexibility than other wireless technologies, along with enhanced services such as short messaging, e-mail and Internet access
cdmaOne is a universal term for IS-95 based CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) specifications established by the CDMA Development group (CDG).
CDMA uses spread spectrum technology to break up speech into small, digitized segments and encode them to identify each call. A large number of users can thus share the same band of spectrum and greatly increase system capacity. In other words, CDMA allows wireless service providers to squeeze more digital signals into a particular slice of the radio network
network A few of the benefits of CDMA are wireline/clearer voice quality, better reception with less background noise, fewer dropped calls, enhanced security and greater reliability. Also, CDMA allows for more users to be on the system at once -- greater network capacity, resulting in fewer blocked calls for the users of a CDMA
. The transmissions of CDMA are encoded digitally. Conversations are broken up and each segment of conversation is assigned a code. On the receiving end, the conversation is reconstructed using the code
CDMA2000 1X
A 3G technology which provides voice and data capabilities within a standard 1.25 MHz CDMA channel for outstanding spectral efficiency and flexibility. CDMA2000 builds on earlier CDMA technology (known as cdmaOne) to provide a simple, seamless evolution to third-generation services. It doubles the voice capacity of cdmaOne systems and also supports high-speed data services.
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
An evolution of CDMA2000, this "data optimized" version is also an approved 3G standard. 1xEV-DO provides peak data rates of up 2.4 Mbps in a standard 1.25 MHz CDMA channel for fixed, portable and mobile applications
WCDMA (also known in Europe as UMTS)
Wideband CDMA is an approved 3G standard which utilizes one 5 MHz channel for both voice and data, offering data speeds up to 2 Mbps..
Selecting a 3G Standard
Just as the second generation of wireless technology improved upon earlier systems, the industry looked to a third generation of technology for more advances. Although wireless was used almost exclusively for voice communication, the ability to deliver data over the air was also very promising, especially as Internet users and content proliferated.
In 1999, the International Telecommunication Union adopted an industry standard for third-generation (3G) wireless systems that can deliver high-speed data and other new features. The 3G standard includes three operating modes based on CDMA technology, and over 50 leading manufacturers have already licensed 3G CDMA from QUALCOMM.
First to 3G with CDMA2000
Because CDMA2000 is evolved directly from the previous generation of proven CDMA systems, it provides the fastest, easiest, most cost-effective path to 3G services. While all 3G technologies (CDMA2000, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA) may be viable, CDMA2000 is much further ahead in terms of product development, commercial deployment and market acceptance.
The first commercial CDMA2000 networks were launched in South Korea in early 2001, and are already providing service to over one million paying subscribers (as of September 2001), with much larger numbers expected in late 2001 and 2002. A large and growing range of CDMA2000 chipsets, handsets and network infrastructure systems are now in volume production and gaining economies of scale, as many more North American, Latin American and Japanese carriers plan to roll out CDMA2000 services in 2002.
CDMA2000 builds on an installed base of over 100 million cdmaOne™ users, leveraging previous investments and industry-wide expertise in developing cdmaOne handsets. Other 3G technologies, which are radically different from previous generations, may involve very costly and complex components, new network designs and long test and deployment periods. QUALCOMM believes the proven performance and cost-effectiveness of CDMA2000 make it the best choice for 3G wireless systems. At the same time, the Company is supporting the industry with other solutions for WCDMA and multi-mode systems that will bridge the gaps between various 2G, 2.5G and 3G networks.
CDMA2000 1X for Voice and Data
CDMA2000 1X technology supports both voice and data services over a standard (1X) CDMA channel, and provides many performance advantages over other technologies. First, it provides up to twice the capacity of earlier CDMA systems (with even bigger gains over TDMA and GSM), helping to accommodate the continuing growth of voice services as well as new wireless Internet services. Second, it provides peak data rates of up to 153 kbps (and up to 307 kbps in the future), without sacrificing voice capacity for data capabilities.
CDMA2000 1X phones also feature longer standby times. And because it's backwards-compatible with earlier CDMA technology, CDMA2000 1X provides an easy and affordable upgrade path for both carriers and consumers.
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO for Faster Data
For those who want higher-speed or higher capacity data services, a data-optimized version of CDMA2000 called 1xEV-DO provides peak rates of over 2 Mbps, with an average throughput of over 700 kbps - comparable to wireline DSL services and fast enough to support even demanding applications such as streaming video and large file downloads. CDMA2000 1xEV-DO also delivers data for the lowest cost per megabyte, an increasingly important factor as wireless Internet.
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